Water Conservancy Project Gabion Mesh

          At present, most of the slope protection for river regulation uses block stones or precast concrete block structures, focusing on solving the problem of slope stability when the river is washed by river water, while ignoring the ecological function of the river. Gabion slope protection is a kind of slope protection that can not only ensure the stability of the slope, but also Maintain and restore the structural pattern of river ecology.
Lakeshore improvement projects mostly use smooth bank protection. When necessary, short buoy dam bank protection can also be used.Smooth bank protection includes two forms: retaining wall and slope protection.The retaining wall structure generally uses cages with a height of 1m arranged in layers with staggered joints.For rivers with high flow rates, a mesh pad should be installed at the bottom. The length of the mesh pad should be determined based on the height of the cage and the maximum scour depth.

           When the friction coefficient of the soil is relatively small or the active earth pressure is large, the cage can be tilted backwards, which can effectively reduce the adverse effects of the active earth pressure on the wall. However, this tilted structure is more complicated during construction.

           When the height of the retaining wall is relatively high, the graded retaining wall can also be used, which can save the amount of engineering materials, is more economical, and is more beautiful than the pure gravity type.

           When the water level is relatively high or it is during the flood fighting and rescue period, and it is not suitable for cofferdam construction, the mesh pads at the bottom of the retaining wall can be changed to mesh bags or large stones to create a more favorable construction environment.

           The gabion slope protection structure includes two parts: the foot protection below the low water level and the slope protection above the low water level.The thickness of the mesh pad is determined according to the water flow speed to achieve optimal safety and economy. Generally, a mesh pad with a thickness of 0.2m-0.5m is used.The slope ratio is generally 1:1.5-3, which can be determined based on the internal friction coefficient of the soil and the friction coefficient between the soil and the mesh pad.

           If the river erosion is particularly severe or the requirements for the river are relatively high, full-section protection can be used, which has better effects on safety and landscape effects.

           Of course, retaining walls and slope protection can also be combined to form a duplex section.

Dingba
The groyne dam, also known as the water-carrying dam, is a widely used river channel regulation and maintenance structure. Its main function is to protect the river rocks from direct erosion by the incoming flow and cause erosion damage. At the same time, it also improves the waterway, maintains the river facies, and preserves aquatic life. play a role in market diversification.The ecological grid itself is a permeable structure due to the natural pores of the internal stones, which has good anti-scouring and mechanical effects. But at the same time, it can also protect the beach and promote siltation. It can also deposit sediment in the water well and block garbage, etc. It has obvious ecological effect.

           A spur dam is generally a T-shaped structure with a river bank or a roadbed diversion bank, and the angle with the direction of the water flow is about 60° to 90°. Its function is to lift the water flow away from the river bank or structure, and allow sediment to be deposited at the base of the dam. A nearby triangular zone was deposited to form a new waterfront to protect riverbanks and structures from erosion.A groyne can be used individually, or several groynes can be used in parallel to form a group of groynes.
When the river bank is prone to erosion, mesh pads should be used at the base of the groyne dam to protect the slope to prevent the roots from being washed away by the water flow. If the dam root is not easily eroded, slope protection may not be required.When using short groyne bank protection, attention should be paid to its impact on ship navigation safety.

shunba

As a wave-absorbing submersible embankment, a parallel dam is a structure set up next to a river bank in the direction of water flow. Its reasonable offshore distance is related to many factors such as wave elements, water depth, and the elevation of the dam crest.The two ends of the dam should be sealed, and a dike should be set up in the middle of the dam that is too long. Otherwise, the sediment will be carried away by the longshore current and the effect of promoting sedimentation will be reduced.The outer slope along the dam is gentle to facilitate the entry of sediment, while the inner slope is steeper to prevent the sediment in the dam from being carried out by the fluctuating water flow. When filling or placing rocks into the mesh bag or mesh pad, it should be as dense as possible to ensure the structure. Stabilizing and silt-promoting effects.
Usually set on the riverbed where a new waterfront is expected to form.The upstream end of the dam is embedded in the river bank, and a gap can be left at the downstream end or in the middle of the dam to allow a small amount of water to flow in and out.The height of the dam is generally between high water level and medium water level. When the water level is low, the dam can guide the water flow. When the water level is high and the water flows over the top of the dam, the dam can also cause the sediment carried by the water flow to be deposited behind the dam. The low-lying areas serve to strengthen the river banks.In order to speed up the filling speed behind the dam, several grid dams perpendicular to the dam can be built on the low-lying land between the dam and the river bank.Shun dams and grid dams can be built at once or can be raised in stages.In general, the gabion dam body is easy to construct and has low cost. It is a solution worth promoting for situations where underwater construction is required and is not suitable for cofferdams (which will affect navigation).

On low-strength soft soil foundations, geowoven fabrics should be used to protect the bottom, which not only acts as reinforcement but also improves the strength of the foundation. It is easy to construct, has good effects, and can reduce the amount of stone settlement on the foundation.

bridge
In some mountainous rivers, the water level varies greatly.During the peak rainy season, the water flow is turbulent and sometimes washed away by heavy rains, often damaging the original bridges.Coupled with the insufficient supply of electricity and machinery in mountainous areas, there will also be some restrictions on construction.The ecological grid structure has good erosion resistance and is easy to construct, so this process is adopted.

           In the section of the river where the bridge site is located, the concave bank of the river bank is eroded by water flow year by year, which will cause the river bank to collapse continuously.In order to protect the safety of bridges and embankments, protective buildings must be built on the concave banks.In addition, when the bridge will cause changes in the flow of the river and scouring the river banks, endangering farmland and villages and towns, protective buildings must be built on the river banks.For some bridges on soft foundations, the bridge foundation must be protected. Generally, at the bridge piers, the water flow suddenly shrinks and the flow speed will suddenly increase. The erosion of the bridge foundation is also more serious than other parts of the river. Gabions are used. The mesh's water-permeable flexible structural protection base makes the bank slope near the bridge have stronger anti-scouring performance and can greatly improve the stability of the bridge.

As an anti-collision structure downstream of a sluice or spillway, the ecological grid has good anti-collision and water permeability properties. The uplift pressure of water on the protective tank is much smaller, ensuring the stability of the structure. Secondly, due to the stone filling inside, its surface is rough. The efficiency is larger than that of concrete and mortar masonry structures, and the energy dissipation and wave dissipation effects are good.
The minimum thickness of the protective tank is determined according to the maximum flow rate. The anti-floating stability of the protective tank should be calculated according to the following conditions:
1. Design flood flow for energy dissipation and anti-scouring or a control flow smaller than this flow.
2. Calibrate flood flow for energy dissipation and erosion prevention.
3. Stilling basin drainage maintenance.
The structure of the retaining or non-retaining wing walls, side walls or slope-mounted side walls on both sides of the stilling tank should be determined based on the earth pressure coefficient and the water flow rate.

Haiman
The sea manifold is a flexible energy-dissipation and anti-scouring facility installed downstream of the retaining tank or stilling basin to protect the river bed from erosion damage.The rapids discharged from the water discharge building still have strong turbulence after the energy dissipation of the hydraulic jump. The flow velocity distribution (both vertically and on the plane) is far from returning to the flow state of the natural river channel, and there is still strong erosion of the river bed. ability.Therefore, a sea diffuser is generally installed downstream of the protection tank. The purpose is to strengthen the river bed, continue to eliminate the remaining energy of the water flow, promote further adjustment of the flow velocity distribution, reduce the bottom flow velocity, prevent serious local erosion of the river bed, and ensure the protection of the protection tank and the main building. safety.

          Its structure requires impact resistance, rough surface, water permeability, and a certain degree of flexibility. In traditional structures, the first half is generally made of mortar stone and the second half is dry stone. Dry stone and mortar stone are both flexible and permeable. , The advantages of economy, but it is slightly insufficient in terms of durability and integrity; concrete sea diffuser has the characteristics of durability and integrity, but it is not good in terms of flexibility, roughness, and economy.Comprehensive comparison shows that the ecological grid has both their advantages and has been widely used in downstream sea flooding projects of water conservancy projects, with very ideal results.

          Production Process:

          Raw material selection (wire rod) - cold drawing/galvanizing/plastic coating - machine weaving - manual shearing and assembly - product inspection - packaging and transportation - installation and maintenance